We are about to celebrate World Environment Day 2024 on June 5. Themed "land restoration, desertification, and drought resilience," it highlights critical environmental challenges that are highly relevant to Indonesia's climate situation. Indonesia is significantly affected by climate change, facing challenges such as increased frequency of droughts, severe floods, and land degradation. These climatic shifts are exacerbating existing environmental issues like deforestation and carbon-intensive energy sector (climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org)

Indonesia's rapid deforestation, driven by agricultural expansion, logging, and palm oil plantations, has led to significant land degradation. This deforestation not only reduces biodiversity but also contributes to soil erosion and desertification. By 2030, Indonesia is expected to endure temperature increases of about 0.8 degrees Celsius. Moreover, Rainfall patterns are becoming more unpredictable, impacting agriculture and water resources (statista.com).

Indonesia is undertaking various initiatives to address land degradation and enhance drought resilience. The country's latest commitment to the Paris Climate Agreement sets a target to reduce emissions by 29 percent by 2030 through its own efforts, and by 41 percent with international assistance. To achieve these targets, Indonesia has increased its climate finance budget and introduced a carbon tax of 30 Indonesian rupiah per kilogram of CO2 equivalent, as of July 2022 (worldbank.org, statista.com).